Spring Boot @Order

last modified July 21, 2023

Spring Boot @Order tutorial shows how to order beans with @Order annotation.

Spring is a popular Java application framework and Spring Boot is an evolution of Spring that helps create stand-alone, production-grade Spring based applications easily.

@Order

@Order defines the sort order for an annotated component. The value is optional and represents an order value. Lower values have higher priority.

Spring Boot @Order example

The following application orders the execution of beans implementing CommandLineRunner.

build.gradle 
...
src
├───main
│   ├───java
│   │   └───com
│   │       └───zetcode
│   │               Application.java
│   │               MyRunner.java
│   │               MyRunner2.java
│   └───resources
└───test
    └───java

This is the project structure.

plugins {
    id 'org.springframework.boot' version '3.1.1'
    id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.1.0'
    id 'java'
}

group = 'com.zetcode'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = '17'

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter'
}

This is the Gradle build file.

package com.zetcode;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@Order(value = 2)
public class MyRunner implements CommandLineRunner {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyRunner.class);

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) {

        logger.info("Running MyRunner");
    }
}

The bean is started when the application starts. With the @Order annotation we give it a priority level.

package com.zetcode;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@Order(value = 1)
public class MyRunner2 implements CommandLineRunner {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyRunner2.class);

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) {
        logger.info("Running MyRunner2");
    }
}

This is MyRunner2. It has a higher priority set with @Order, so it is executed before MyRunner.

package com.zetcode;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application  {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

Application is the entry point which sets up Spring Boot application.

$ ./gradlew bootRun
...
... com.zetcode.MyRunner2  : Running MyRunner2
... com.zetcode.MyRunner   : Running MyRunner

We run the application.

In this article we have shown how to use @Order annotation to set the order of execution of beans.

Author

My name is Jan Bodnar and I am a passionate programmer with many years of programming experience. I have been writing programming articles since 2007. So far, I have written over 1400 articles and 8 e-books. I have over eight years of experience in teaching programming.

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